Sending Email with PHP

Configuring the mail() function in PHP to send emails involves setting up the underlying mail sending system on the server. The configuration depends on the operating system of your web server and the mail transfer agent (MTA) software that is being used (e.g., Sendmail, Postfix, Exim).

Configuring Email in PHP

Configuring the mail() function in PHP to send emails involves setting up the underlying mail sending system on the server. The configuration depends on the operating system of your web server and the mail transfer agent (MTA) software that is being used (e.g., Sendmail, Postfix, Exim).

For Linux/Unix Servers

On most Linux/Unix servers, mail() is configured to use Sendmail or a Sendmail-compatible MTA by default. Here’s a general approach to configure it:

  1. Install Sendmail or another MTA: Ensure that Sendmail, Postfix, or another MTA is installed on your server. For example, to install Sendmail on a Debian-based system, you can use:bashCopy codesudo apt-get install sendmail
  2. Configure PHP to Use Sendmail: The default configuration in php.ini usually works out of the box with Sendmail. However, you can check or modify the path to Sendmail in your php.ini file:iniCopy code[mail function] ; For Sendmail and Sendmail-like systems sendmail_path = "/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i" Make sure the path to sendmail matches the location of the Sendmail executable on your system.
  3. Configure Sendmail or MTA Settings: Depending on your server setup, you might need to configure your MTA to handle emails correctly. This could involve setting up relay options, modifying the mail queue, or adjusting security settings. This is highly specific to your server and network setup.
  4. Restart Apache or PHP-FPM: After making changes to php.ini, make sure to restart your web server or the PHP-FPM service to apply the changes.bashCopy codesudo systemctl restart apache2 Or for PHP-FPM:bashCopy codesudo systemctl restart php7.x-fpm (Replace 7.x with your specific PHP version.)

For Windows Servers

On Windows servers, mail() can be configured to use an SMTP server directly through the php.ini file:

  1. Configure SMTP Settings in php.ini: Locate your php.ini file and specify the SMTP server and related settings:iniCopy code[mail function] ; Setup for Windows systems SMTP = smtp.example.com smtp_port = 25 sendmail_from = user@example.com Replace smtp.example.com with your SMTP server’s hostname, 25 with your SMTP server’s port (often 587 for TLS or 465 for SSL), and user@example.com with the email address you want to send emails from.
  2. Restart Your Web Server: Apply the changes by restarting your web server software.

Note

  • Security: Sending emails from web applications exposes them to spam and abuse risks. Ensure you have mechanisms in place to prevent abuse (e.g., CAPTCHAs, rate limiting).
  • SPF, DKIM, and DMARC: To improve email deliverability, consider setting up SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records in your domain’s DNS. These help verify that your emails are legitimately coming from your domain and are not being spoofed.
  • Using External SMTP: For better reliability and deliverability, consider using an external SMTP service like Amazon SES, SendGrid, or Mailgun. These services often require authentication, and you’ll likely need to use a library like PHPMailer or SwiftMailer to integrate them into your PHP applications.

Configuring mail() requires access to server settings and might involve complex configurations depending on your hosting environment. If you’re unsure, consult with your hosting provider or a system administrator.

Sending an Email in PHP

Sending an email in PHP can be achieved using the mail() function. This function allows you to send emails directly from a PHP script. Below is a simple example that demonstrates how to use the mail() function to send an email:

phpCopy code<?php
// The recipient email address
$to = 'recipient@example.com';

// Subject of the email
$subject = 'Test Email from PHP';

// Message content for the email
$message = 'Hello, this is a test email sent from a PHP script.';

// Headers for the email
$headers = 'From: YourName <yourname@example.com>' . "\r\n" . // Sender's email address
           'Reply-To: yourname@example.com' . "\r\n" . // Reply-to address
           'X-Mailer: PHP/' . phpversion();

// Sending the email
if(mail($to, $subject, $message, $headers)) {
    echo "Email sent successfully!";
} else {
    echo "Email sending failed.";
}
?>

Here’s what each part does:

  1. $to: Specifies the recipient’s email address.
  2. $subject: The subject line of the email.
  3. $message: The body content of the email.
  4. $headers: Email headers to specify additional information like the sender’s email address, reply-to address, and the X-Mailer (which indicates the software used to send the email, in this case, PHP).

To use this script:

  • Replace 'recipient@example.com' with the actual recipient’s email address.
  • Change 'YourName <yourname@example.com>' in the $headers variable to your name and email address. This will be used as the “From” address.
  • You might need to adjust settings or configurations depending on your server or hosting provider to properly send emails.

Keep in mind, for bulk or more complex email sending tasks (like HTML emails, attachments, or using SMTP authentication), it’s recommended to use a library such as PHPMailer or SwiftMailer, as they offer more flexibility and functionality than the basic mail() function.

Sending Email with Attachments in PHP

Sending an email with an attachment in PHP requires a bit more work than a simple text email because you have to format the email to conform to MIME standards. This involves encoding the attachment in base64 and splitting the email body from the attachment using a unique boundary string.

Below is a basic example of how to send an email with an attachment using PHP:

phpCopy code<?php
// Recipient email address
$to = 'recipient@example.com';

// Subject of the email
$subject = 'Email with Attachment from PHP';

// File to attach
$file_path = '/path/to/your/attachment.pdf';
$file_name = basename($file_path);
$file_size = filesize($file_path);
$file_content = chunk_split(base64_encode(file_get_contents($file_path))); // encode the attachment

// Boundary 
$boundary = md5(time());

// Headers
$headers = "From: YourName <yourname@example.com>\r\n";
$headers .= "MIME-Version: 1.0\r\n";
$headers .= "Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=\"{$boundary}\"";

// Message Body
$body = "--{$boundary}\r\n";
$body .= "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1\r\n";
$body .= "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit\r\n\r\n";
$body .= "This is a MIME encoded message.\r\n\r\n"; // Message before attachment

// Add attachment
$body .= "--{$boundary}\r\n";
$body .= "Content-Type: application/octet-stream; name=\"{$file_name}\"\r\n";
$body .= "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"{$file_name}\"\r\n";
$body .= "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n\r\n";
$body .= $file_content . "\r\n\r\n";
$body .= "--{$boundary}--";

// Send email
if(mail($to, $subject, $body, $headers)) {
    echo "Email sent with attachment successfully.";
} else {
    echo "Email sending failed.";
}
?>

Steps Explained:

  1. Specify the Recipient, Subject, and File: Set the $to, $subject, and the path to the attachment with $file_path.
  2. Read and Encode the Attachment: The file’s contents are read, encoded in base64, and then chunk split to ensure it adheres to email standards.
  3. Create MIME Headers and Body: The email is composed using MIME standards with a unique boundary to separate different parts of the email. The headers include Content-Type set to multipart/mixed to accommodate both the text and the attachment.
  4. Constructing the Email: The email body contains both the text message and the attachment, separated by the boundary. Each part has appropriate headers to describe its content type, encoding, and disposition.
  5. Sending the Email: The mail() function is used with the recipient, subject, composed body, and headers.

Notes:

  • Make sure to replace /path/to/your/attachment.pdf with the actual path to your attachment file.
  • Update the From email address in the headers to your email.
  • This is a basic example. For more complex scenarios, like multiple attachments or different content types, it’s advisable to use a library like PHPMailer, as it greatly simplifies the process of sending emails with attachments, HTML content, and more.

I hope this article helps you figure out how to send email using PHP.

~Cyber Abyss

Installing Virtualbox Guest Additions on Kali Linux, When nothing goes right and how I fixed it.

The Problem.. How it all started

I’m getting various errors when installing Virtualbox Guest Additions on a Kali Linux VM.

Troubleshooting Resources the Helped

Online articles and resources:
– https://askubuntu.com/questions/80341/unable-to-mount-virtualbox-guest-additions-as-a-guest-win7-host
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAWRNjKpEd0
https://askubuntu.com/questions/75709/how-do-i-install-kernel-header-files
– https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/328655/cant-install-linux-headers-kali-linux
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SOEYLMmfxKk

Below are the specific steps extracted from the command line history below which contains all of my troubleshooting session. I did fix it so if you follow along you can see my steps and the output from them. Hope this helps!

Troubleshooting Steps

  1. Copy to desktop copy of VBoxLinuxAdditions.run from Guest Additions CD
  2. run chmod +x ./VBoxLinusAdditions.run on Desktop copy
  3. Attempt to fix headers on recommendation by upgrading of Linux components using: # apt update -y && apt upgrade -y && ajpt dist-upgrade
  4. Realize that last step didn’t fix issue and that specific issue header module is corrupt or missing.
  5. Find out what header modules are available using: apt-cache search linux-headers
  6. Selected and installed module using:  apt-get install linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-all-amd64
  7. Run ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
  8. Success

Linux Command Line of Trial and Error w/ Fix

root@kali:~# ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
Verifying archive integrity... All good.
Uncompressing VirtualBox 5.2.2 Guest Additions for Linux........
VirtualBox Guest Additions installer
Removing installed version 5.2.2 of VirtualBox Guest Additions...
Copying additional installer modules ...
Installing additional modules ...
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules.
This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules.
Please install the Linux kernel "header" files matching the current kernel
for adding new hardware support to the system.
The distribution packages containing the headers are probably:
    linux-headers-amd64 linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Starting.
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules.
This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules.
Please install the Linux kernel "header" files matching the current kernel
for adding new hardware support to the system.
The distribution packages containing the headers are probably:
    linux-headers-amd64 linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64
root@kali:~# clear

root@kali:~# apt update -y && apt upgrade -y && ajpt dist-upgrade
Get:2 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable InRelease [2,802 B]
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Fetched 16.0 MB in 4s (3,495 kB/s)                   
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
86 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libarmadillo7 libxerces-c3.1
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libarmadillo8 libconfig-inifiles-perl libxerces-c3.2 python-jwt
The following packages will be upgraded:
  aircrack-ng cabextract cgpt console-setup console-setup-linux exim4-base
  exim4-config exim4-daemon-light flasm fontconfig fontconfig-config
  fonts-noto-mono gdal-bin gdal-data glusterfs-common iproute2 iso-codes
  keyboard-configuration libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
  libc-bin libc-dev-bin libc-l10n libc6 libc6-dbg libc6-dev
  libdbd-sqlite3-perl libdevel-partialdump-perl libdevel-stacktrace-perl
  libfcgi-bin libfcgi0ldbl libfontconfig1 libgcab-1.0-0 libgdal20 libkeyutils1
  libmailutils5 libmariadbclient18 libmysofa0 libopenmpt0 liborc-0.4-0
  libsmbclient libtevent0 libwbclient0 libwebp6 libwebpdemux2 libwebpmux3
  libwww-perl locales locales-all mailutils mailutils-common man-db
  mariadb-client-10.1 mariadb-client-core-10.1 mariadb-common
  mariadb-server-10.1 mariadb-server-core-10.1 metasploit-framework
  multiarch-support nano python-cairo python-construct python-cryptography
  python-gdal python-gi python-gobject python-samba python3-cairo
  python3-construct python3-cryptography python3-gi python3-gi-cairo
  python3-pyatspi samba samba-common samba-common-bin samba-dsdb-modules
  samba-libs samba-vfs-modules smbclient socat vboot-kernel-utils vboot-utils
  winexe xauth
86 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
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Setting up libc6:amd64 (2.25-2) ...
Checking for services that may need to be restarted...
Checking init scripts...

Restarting services possibly affected by the upgrade:
  cron: restarting...done.

Services restarted successfully.
(Reading database ... 327440 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libc-bin_2.25-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libc-bin (2.25-2) over (2.24-17) ...
Setting up libc-bin (2.25-2) ...
(Reading database ... 327440 files and directories currently installed.)
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Selecting previously unselected package libconfig-inifiles-perl.
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Unpacking libconfig-inifiles-perl (2.94-1) ...
Setting up mariadb-common (1:10.1.29-6) ...
(Reading database ... 327475 files and directories currently installed.)
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/var/lib/mysql: found previous version 10.1
Unpacking mariadb-server-10.1 (1:10.1.29-6) over (10.1.26-1) ...
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Selecting previously unselected package python-jwt.
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Unpacking xauth (1:1.0.10-1) over (1:1.0.9-1+b2) ...
Setting up python3-cryptography (2.1.3-3) ...
Setting up keyboard-configuration (1.171) ...
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Setting up fontconfig-config (2.12.6-0.1) ...
Setting up libc6-dbg:amd64 (2.25-2) ...
Setting up libconfig-inifiles-perl (2.94-1) ...
Setting up mariadb-server-core-10.1 (1:10.1.29-6) ...
Setting up libdbd-sqlite3-perl (1.55~04-1) ...
Setting up exim4-config (4.89-11) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.60) ...
Setting up flasm (1.62-10) ...
Setting up libfcgi0ldbl:amd64 (2.4.0-10) ...
Setting up iso-codes (3.77-1) ...
Setting up libopenmpt0:amd64 (0.3.3-1) ...
Setting up socat (1.7.3.2-2) ...
Setting up mariadb-client-core-10.1 (1:10.1.29-6) ...
Setting up multiarch-support (2.25-2) ...
Setting up libdevel-stacktrace-perl (2.0300-1) ...
Setting up libgcab-1.0-0:amd64 (0.7-5) ...
Setting up vboot-kernel-utils (0~R63-10032.B-2) ...
Setting up aircrack-ng (1:1.2-0~rc4-4) ...
Processing triggers for menu (2.1.47+b1) ...
Setting up samba-common (2:4.7.3+dfsg-1) ...
Setting up cgpt (0~R63-10032.B-2) ...
Setting up libmariadbclient18:amd64 (1:10.1.29-6) ...
Processing triggers for sgml-base (1.29) ...
Setting up python3-gi (3.26.1-1) ...
Setting up exim4-base (4.89-11) ...
Setting up python3-construct (2.8.16-0.1) ...
Setting up iproute2 (4.9.0-2.1) ...
Setting up python-jwt (1.5.3+ds1-1) ...
Setting up libdevel-partialdump-perl (0.20-1) ...
Setting up fonts-noto-mono (20171026-2) ...
Setting up xauth (1:1.0.10-1) ...
Setting up libarmadillo8 (1:8.200.2+dfsg-1) ...
Setting up gdal-data (2.2.2+dfsg-2) ...
Setting up libtevent0:amd64 (0.9.34-1) ...
Setting up nano (2.9.0-1) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/nanorc ...
Setting up cabextract (1.6-1.1) ...
Setting up python-gi (3.26.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.25-2) ...
Setting up libaprutil1:amd64 (1.6.1-1) ...
Setting up libc-l10n (2.25-2) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (235-3) ...
Setting up python-cryptography (2.1.3-3) ...
Setting up python-cairo:amd64 (1.15.4-2) ...
Setting up vboot-utils (0~R63-10032.B-2) ...
Setting up man-db (2.7.6.1-4) ...
Updating database of manual pages ...
Setting up libfcgi-bin (2.4.0-10) ...
Setting up python3-cairo:amd64 (1.15.4-2) ...
Setting up libc-dev-bin (2.25-2) ...
Setting up exim4-daemon-light (4.89-11) ...
Setting up liborc-0.4-0:amd64 (1:0.4.28-1) ...
Setting up libkeyutils1:amd64 (1.5.9-9.2) ...
Setting up console-setup-linux (1.171) ...
Setting up metasploit-framework (4.16.19-0kali1) ...
Setting up libc6-dev:amd64 (2.25-2) ...
Setting up python-construct (2.8.16-0.1) ...
Setting up locales (2.25-2) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/locale.alias ...
Generating locales (this might take a while)...
Generation complete.
Setting up libmysofa0:amd64 (0.6~dfsg0-2) ...
Setting up libxerces-c3.2:amd64 (3.2.0+debian-2) ...
Setting up mailutils-common (1:3.4-1) ...
Setting up libwww-perl (6.29-1) ...
Setting up libaprutil1-ldap:amd64 (1.6.1-1) ...
Setting up libwebp6:amd64 (0.6.0-4) ...
Setting up libmailutils5:amd64 (1:3.4-1) ...
Setting up console-setup (1.171) ...
Setting up libfontconfig1:amd64 (2.12.6-0.1) ...
Setting up mariadb-client-10.1 (1:10.1.29-6) ...
Setting up samba-libs:amd64 (2:4.7.3+dfsg-1) ...
Setting up samba-vfs-modules (2:4.7.3+dfsg-1) ...
Setting up python3-pyatspi (2.26.0+dfsg-1) ...
Setting up libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3:amd64 (1.6.1-1) ...
Setting up python-gobject (3.26.1-1) ...
Setting up glusterfs-common (3.12.3-1) ...
Setting up libgdal20 (2.2.2+dfsg-2+b3) ...
Setting up python-samba (2:4.7.3+dfsg-1) ...
Setting up winexe (1.1~20140107-0kali6+b3) ...
Setting up python3-gi-cairo (3.26.1-1) ...
Setting up mailutils (1:3.4-1) ...
Setting up libsmbclient:amd64 (2:4.7.3+dfsg-1) ...
Setting up python-gdal (2.2.2+dfsg-2+b3) ...
Setting up smbclient (2:4.7.3+dfsg-1) ...
Setting up locales-all (2.25-2) ...
Setting up libwebpmux3:amd64 (0.6.0-4) ...
Setting up libwebpdemux2:amd64 (0.6.0-4) ...
Setting up samba-common-bin (2:4.7.3+dfsg-1) ...
Setting up mariadb-server-10.1 (1:10.1.29-6) ...
mariadb.service is a disabled or a static unit, not starting it.
Setting up gdal-bin (2.2.2+dfsg-2+b3) ...
Setting up samba-dsdb-modules (2:4.7.3+dfsg-1) ...
Setting up fontconfig (2.12.6-0.1) ...
Regenerating fonts cache... done.
Setting up samba (2:4.7.3+dfsg-1) ...
Samba is not being run as an AD Domain Controller.
Please ignore the following error about deb-systemd-helper not finding samba-ad-dc.service.
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.25-2) ...
Processing triggers for menu (2.1.47+b1) ...
bash: ajpt: command not found
root@kali:~# ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
Verifying archive integrity... All good.
Uncompressing VirtualBox 5.2.2 Guest Additions for Linux........
VirtualBox Guest Additions installer
Removing installed version 5.2.2 of VirtualBox Guest Additions...
Copying additional installer modules ...
Installing additional modules ...
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules.
This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules.
Please install the Linux kernel "header" files matching the current kernel
for adding new hardware support to the system.
The distribution packages containing the headers are probably:
    linux-headers-amd64 linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Starting.
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules.
This system is currently not set up to build kernel modules.
Please install the Linux kernel "header" files matching the current kernel
for adding new hardware support to the system.
The distribution packages containing the headers are probably:
    linux-headers-amd64 linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64
root@kali:~# apt -get linux-headers-4.13.0-kali-amd64
E: Command line option 'g' [from -get] is not understood in combination with the other options.
root@kali:~# apt-get install linux-headers-4.13.0-kali-amd64
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package linux-headers-4.13.0-kali-amd64
E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'linux-headers-4.13.0-kali-amd64'
E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'linux-headers-4.13.0-kali-amd64'
root@kali:~# apt-get search linux-headers
E: Invalid operation search
root@kali:~# apt-cache search linux-headers
aufs-dkms - DKMS files to build and install aufs
linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-all - All header files for Linux 4.13 (meta-package)
linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-all-amd64 - All header files for Linux 4.13 (meta-package)
linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64 - Header files for Linux 4.13.0-kali1-amd64
linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-common - Common header files for Linux 4.13.0-kali1
linux-headers-amd64 - Header files for Linux amd64 configuration (meta-package)
linux-libc-dev-alpha-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-arm64-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-armel-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-armhf-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-hppa-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-m68k-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mips-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mips64-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mips64el-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mips64r6-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mips64r6el-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mipsel-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mipsn32-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mipsn32el-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mipsn32r6-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mipsn32r6el-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mipsr6-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-mipsr6el-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-powerpc-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-powerpcspe-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-ppc64-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-ppc64el-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-s390x-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-sh4-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
linux-libc-dev-sparc64-cross - Linux Kernel Headers for development (for cross-compiling)
root@kali:~# apt-get install linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-all-amd64
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libarmadillo7 libxerces-c3.1
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  cpp-6 gcc-6 linux-compiler-gcc-6-x86 linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64
  linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-common linux-kbuild-4.13
Suggested packages:
  gcc-6-locales gcc-6-multilib gcc-6-doc libgcc1-dbg libgomp1-dbg libitm1-dbg
  libatomic1-dbg libasan3-dbg liblsan0-dbg libtsan0-dbg libubsan0-dbg
  libcilkrts5-dbg libmpx2-dbg libquadmath0-dbg
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  cpp-6 gcc-6 linux-compiler-gcc-6-x86 linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-all-amd64
  linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64 linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-common
  linux-kbuild-4.13
0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 23.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 101 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 cpp-6 amd64 6.4.0-10 [6,354 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 gcc-6 amd64 6.4.0-10 [6,718 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 linux-compiler-gcc-6-x86 amd64 4.13.13-1kali1 [496 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-common all 4.13.13-1kali1 [7,756 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 linux-kbuild-4.13 amd64 4.13.13-1kali1 [693 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64 amd64 4.13.13-1kali1 [463 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.ocf.berkeley.edu/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-all-amd64 amd64 4.13.13-1kali1 [496 kB]
Fetched 23.0 MB in 3s (6,388 kB/s)                        
Selecting previously unselected package cpp-6.
(Reading database ... 327473 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-cpp-6_6.4.0-10_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cpp-6 (6.4.0-10) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gcc-6.
Preparing to unpack .../1-gcc-6_6.4.0-10_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gcc-6 (6.4.0-10) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-compiler-gcc-6-x86.
Preparing to unpack .../2-linux-compiler-gcc-6-x86_4.13.13-1kali1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-compiler-gcc-6-x86 (4.13.13-1kali1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-common.
Preparing to unpack .../3-linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-common_4.13.13-1kali1_all.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-common (4.13.13-1kali1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-kbuild-4.13.
Preparing to unpack .../4-linux-kbuild-4.13_4.13.13-1kali1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-kbuild-4.13 (4.13.13-1kali1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../5-linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64_4.13.13-1kali1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64 (4.13.13-1kali1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-all-amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../6-linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-all-amd64_4.13.13-1kali1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-all-amd64 (4.13.13-1kali1) ...
Setting up linux-kbuild-4.13 (4.13.13-1kali1) ...
Setting up linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-common (4.13.13-1kali1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-4) ...
Setting up cpp-6 (6.4.0-10) ...
Setting up gcc-6 (6.4.0-10) ...
Setting up linux-compiler-gcc-6-x86 (4.13.13-1kali1) ...
Setting up linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-amd64 (4.13.13-1kali1) ...
Setting up linux-headers-4.13.0-kali1-all-amd64 (4.13.13-1kali1) ...
root@kali:~# ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
Verifying archive integrity... All good.
Uncompressing VirtualBox 5.2.2 Guest Additions for Linux........
VirtualBox Guest Additions installer
Removing installed version 5.2.2 of VirtualBox Guest Additions...
Copying additional installer modules ...
Installing additional modules ...
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules.
VirtualBox Guest Additions: Starting.
root@kali:~#